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A Companion to
the Philosophy of Biology
Blackwell Companions to Philosophy
This outstanding student reference series offers a comprehensive and authoritative survey of philosophy as
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key fi gures, terms, topics, and problems of the fi eld. Taken together, the volumes provide the ideal basis for
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23. A Companion to Early Modern Philosophy
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24. A Companion to Philosophy in the Middle
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25. A Companion to African-American
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Edited by Tommy L. Lott and John P. Pittman
26. A Companion to Applied Ethics
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27. A Companion to the Philosophy of Education
Edited by Randall Curren
28. A Companion to African Philosophy
Edited by Kwasi Wiredu
29. A Companion to Heidegger
Edited by Hubert L. Dreyfus and
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30. A Companion to Rationalism
Edited by Alan Nelson
31. A Companion to Ancient Philosophy
Edited by Mary Louise Gill and Pierre Pellegrin
32. A Companion to Pragmatism
Edited by John R. Shook and Joseph Margolis
33. A Companion to Nietzsche
Edited by Keith Ansell Pearson
34. A Companion to Socrates
Edited by Sara Ahbel-Rappe and
Rachana Kamtekar
35. A Companion to Phenomenology and
Existentialism
Edited by Hubert L. Dreyfus and
Mark A. Wrathall
36. A Companion to Kant
Edited by Graham Bird
37. A Companion to Plato
Edited by Hugh H. Benson
38. A Companion to Descartes
Edited by Janet Broughton and John Carriero
39. A Companion to the Philosophy of Biology
1. The Blackwell Companion to Philosophy,
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2. A Companion to Ethics
Edited by Peter Singer
3. A Companion to Aesthetics
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Edited by Jonathan Dancy and Ernest Sosa
5. A Companion to Contemporary Political
Philosophy (2 Volume Set), Second Edition
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6. A Companion to Philosophy of Mind
Edited by Samuel Guttenplan
7. A Companion to Metaphysics
Edited by Jaegwon Kim and Ernest Sosa
8. A Companion to Philosophy of Law and Legal
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9. A Companion to Philosophy of Religion
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Edited by Bob Hale and Crispin Wright
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12. A Companion to Continental Philosophy
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13. A Companion to Feminist Philosophy
Edited by Alison M. Jaggar and
Iris Marion Young
14. A Companion to Cognitive Science
Edited by William Bechtel and George Graham
15. A Companion to Bioethics
Edited by Helga Kuhse and Peter Singer
16. A Companion to the Philosophers
Edited by Robert L. Arrington
17. A Companion to Business Ethics
Edited by Robert E. Frederick
18. A Companion to the Philosophy of Science
Edited by W. H. Newton-Smith
19. A Companion to Environmental Philosophy
Edited by Dale Jamieson
20. A Companion to Analytic Philosophy
Edited by A. P. Martinich and David Sosa
21. A Companion to Genethics
Edited by Justine Burley and John Harris
22. A Companion to Philosophical Logic
Edited by Sahotra Sarkar and Anya Plutynski
Forthcoming
40. A Companion to Hume
Edited by Elizabeth S. Radcliffe
41. A Companion to Aristotle
Edited by Dale Jacquette
Edited by Georgios Anagnostopoulos
A Companion
to the Philosophy
of Biology
Edited by
Sahotra Sarkar
and
Anya Plutynski
© 2008 by Blackwell Publishing Ltd
except for editorial material and organization © 2008 by Sahotra Sarkar and Anya Plutynski
BLACKWELL PUBLISHING
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First published 2008 by Blackwell Publishing Ltd
1 2008
Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data
A companion to the philosophy of biology / edited by Sahotra Sarkar and Anya Plutynski.
p. cm. – (Blackwell companions to philosophy ; 39)
Includes bibliographical references and index.
ISBN 978-1-4051-2572-7 (hardcover : alk. paper) 1. Biology–Philosophy. I. Sarkar,
Sahotra. II. Plutynski,Anya.
QH331.C84232006
570.1–dc22
2007024735
A catalogue record for this title is available from the British Library.
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Contents
List of Figures
viii
List of Tables
x
Notes on Contributors
xi
Acknowledgments
xvii
Introduction
xviii
Sahotra Sarkar and Anya Plutynski
Part I Molecular Biology and Genetics
1
1 Gene Concepts
3
Hans-Jörg Rheinberger and Staffan Müller-Wille
2 Biological Information
22
Stefan Artmann
3 Heredity and Heritability
40
Richard C. Lewontin
4 Genomics, Proteomics, and Beyond
58
Sahotra Sarkar
Part II Evolution
75
5 Darwinism and Neo-Darwinism
77
James G. Lennox
6 Systematics and Taxonomy
99
Marc Ereshefsky
7 Population Genetics
119
Christopher Stephens
8 The Units and Levels of Selection
138
Samir Okasha
v
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