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A LEARNER'S
POLISH-ENGLISH
DICTIONARY
by
Oscar E. Swan
FIRST PRELIMINARY EDITION
CD AND WEB VERSION
USE BOOKMARKS TO FIND THE FIRST LETTER.
THEN USE EITHER THE ADOBE BINOCULAR
ICON OR THE SCROLL BAR TO SEARCH FOR THE
INDIVIDUAL WORD
IF YOU WOULD LIKE A HARD COPY OF THIS
DICTIONARY (340 PP.), CONTACT THE AUTHOR
AT <SWAN@PITT.EDU>
INTRODUCTION
A Learner's Polish-English Dictionary
contains over 27,000 entries. It is intended primarily for the use
of the English-speaking reader of Polish, interested in arriving at the central or commonest meaning of
a word, not in an exhaustive set of usages and definitions. It does not attempt to cover technical or
scientific terms, or the names of uncommon plants and animals. Most terms related to the social sciences
and the humanities are included. It is expected that the user will be familiar with the principles of
Polish inflection. Regular and predictable endings and formations are not given. The technical
apparatus is kept to a minimum and should be mostly self-evident. Grammatical indicators refer to
descriptions in the author's
Grammar of Contemporary Polish
(Slavica: 2002), to which the user is referred
for descriptions of grammatical inflections and usage.
This dictionary is printed in its present form for use in intermediate and advanced Polish classes at
the Univeristy of Pittsburgh. The author is aware of its many imperfections and incompletenesses,
which are being improved by constant updating and proof-reading. Corrections and suggestions for
improvement and new entries should be e-mailed to the author at <swan@pitt.edu>.
DICTIONARY ENTRIES
Within a word-entry, the basic form of the word is given first. Derived forms considered to belong
to the same lexical item are given next, regardless of alphabetical order. For example, adverbial and
comparative forms of adjectives are listed after the adjective, regardless of alphabetical considerations. If
a form is radically different in alphabetical order from the base word, it will be listed separately and
given a cross-reference. For example, under
wysoki
high
, one will find
the comparative adjective
wy˝szy
and the comparative adverb
wy˝ej
. These two forms are also listed separately, with reference to
wysoki.
The user is expected to have a basic command of Polish declension and conjugation. Regularly
derivable forms are not listed separately unless a regularly predictable form is nevertheless apt to cause
confusion. For example, the locative singular of
ocet
,
occie
, is listed, with a reference to
ocet
, because,
even though the form is regular, its visual appearance makes the word difficult to decipher.
Verb conjugation is indicated by giving the 1st and 2nd person sg. forms of the the present, along
with any other irregular present or past forms. The conjugation of prefixed mono-syllabic verbs is
sometimes indicated by referring to the simplex verb. For example, the following entry indicates that
donieÊç
is conjugated like
nieÊç
:
donieÊç
^nieÊç pf, impf
donosiç
-sz´ -sisz o+L
inform or report on.
~ si´
be reported
If a verb occurs only or mainly in the 3rd person, only the 3rd person singular (neuter) will be given.
See, for example,
b∏yskaç
-a us 3p impf, pf
b∏ysnàç
-Ênie b∏ys∏o
shine, flash, twinkle, glimmer.
b∏yska si´
there's
lightning
Aspect pairs are given in the order basic: derived, according to which aspect comes first, and
regardless of alphabetical considerations. If this decision causes an alphabetization problem, then the
derived aspect form is listed separately, with a cross reference. See, for example
irytowaç
-tuj´ -tujesz impf, pf
zirytowaç
irritate,
with the derived perfective
zirytowaç
also having its own listing, with reference to
irytowaç
. In general,
common prefixed perfective forms of a simplex imperfective verb will be listed twice, both with the
base verb and as a cross-reference. However, the Acrobat search function will locate a prefixed
perfective verb next to its unprefixed base, whether or not it is cross-listed. In the listing
naraziç
^raziç pf, impf
nara˝aç
endanger.
na+A
expose
to
the basic perfective form is given first, followed by the derived imperfective. Here no separate listing
for
nara˝aç
is needed, since no other words fall between it and the head word naraziç
.
Aspect pairs in
-aç
-àç
are usually listed in this order; see
bàkaç
-am -asz impf, pf
bàknàç
-n´ -niesz ,
mumble, blurt out.
However, if the root of the form in
-aç
is altered by derivational processes, the verb will usually be
given under the form in
-nàç
, as in
wytknàç
-n´ -niesz pf, impf
wytykaç
+D
reproach
with
wytykaç
also given in a cross-reference. As this entry shows, derived imperfectives in
-aç
are
assumed to belong to the
-
am -asz
type unless otherwise indicated.
A tilda is used to represent the head-word in phrasal illustrations, as in
kamieƒ
mi -a
stone, rock, flint, gem.
szlachetny ~
gem-stone
If the head-word is illustrated in a different gender or case-form, then the right-hand part of the word
will be taken back to the first letter held in common, as in
aluzja
f
allusion.
robiç ~je
do+G
allude to.
ABBREVIATIONS USED
^ inflected like
1p, 2p, 3p 1st, 2nd, 3rd person
A
accusative case
abbrev
abbreviation
affec
affectionate
aj
adjective
arch
archaic
aug
augmentative
aux
auxiliary (verb)
av
adverb
coll
collective noun or numeral
colloq
colloquial
comp
comparative
cond
conditional mood
conj
conjunction
D
dative case
decl
declined
derog
derogatory
dim
diminutive
distr
distributive
e.o.
each other
emph
emphatic
esp
especially
exclam
exclamation
f
feminine noun
fac an
facultatively animate noun
fem
female variant
fig
figurative
formal
formal style usage
freq
frequentative
G
genitive case
hist
historical item
I
instrumental case
impf
imperfective aspect
imprec
imprecation
indecl
indeclinable
indef
indefinite
indic
indicative
infin
infinitive
inform
informal
inter
interrogative
interj
interjection
L
locative case
ma
masculine animate
mi
masculine inanimate
mp
masculine personal
mppl
masculine personal plural
N
nominative case
n
neuter noun
neg
negative
nonce
nonce word
num aj
numerical adjective
num
numeral
o.a.
one another
o.s.
oneself, one's self
obs
obsolete
occ
occasionally
oft
often
or
or
pej
pejorative
pers
person, personal
pf
perfective aspect
phr
phrase
pl form
plural form
pl
plural
pred
predicator
prefix
prefix
prep
peposition
pron aj
pronominal adjective
pron
pronoun
quant
quantifier
reif num
reified numeral
s.o.
someone
s.t.
something
sg
singular
sub
subordinating
suff
suffix
sup
suppletive
superl
superlative
title
personal title
us
usually
V
vocative case
v
derived verb
var
variant
vulg
vulgar
w.o.
without
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